ActiveMQ Classic 运维与观测

本页结论：Classic 的运维入口是 Web 控制台（8161 jetty，默认 admin/admin）、JMX 与统一 CLI 入口 bin/activemq（task 制）；积压观察的核心是队列深度与 Enqueue/Dequeue 计数差，共享死信 ActiveMQ.DLQ 的深度必须配告警。

运维入口

入口	用途
Web 控制台（8161，jetty）	Queue/Topic 浏览与清空、发送测试消息、查看连接与消费者；默认凭据 admin/admin，生产必改
JMX	全部管理属性/操作：深度、入队/出队计数、消息移动/删除（managementContext 配置）
`bin/activemq` 统一入口	task 制：start/stop/status、producer/consumer（收发工具）、browse/purge、bstat/dstat/query/list、backup/export、encrypt/decrypt 等（task 清单实测见 cli-tools 小节）
客户端探针	本仓库 `stats` 命令用 `QueueBrowser` 清点深度（客户端视角，不依赖容器内 CLI）

关键指标

指标	含义	告警建议
QueueSize（队列深度）	未消费消息数（QueueBrowser/JMX 可读数）	持续增长 = 消费能力不足
EnqueueCount / DequeueCount	入队 / 出队累计	差值持续扩大 = 消费失败或积压
ActiveMQ.DLQ 深度	全 broker 共享死信的消息数	非零即告警：毒消息或系统性失败；无法区分业务线（见陷阱）
memory/store 使用率	systemUsage 占用	接近限额 = 即将触发 producer flow control
连接数 / 消费者数	会话与消费者分布	消费者掉线检测（结合业务心跳）

积压诊断路径

哪个队列积压：控制台 Queues 页或 JMX 按深度排序；
消费者在不在：消费者数为 0 → 连接/部署问题；有消费者但深度涨 → 看处理耗时与失败率；
是否在重投风暴：consume_failed 类日志 + 出队计数增速远超业务增速 → 检查 redeliveryPolicy 的 maximumRedeliveries 与间隔；
流控了吗：store 使用率触顶后生产者被减速，追赶速度下降是预期行为，先扩消费者再谈扩容。

日常操作速查

bash

# 容器内统一入口（ACTIVEMQ_HOME=/opt/apache-activemq）
bin/activemq status          # 实测输出：ActiveMQ is running (pid '1')
bin/activemq producer --destination queue://orders-cli --messageCount 1 --message probe
bin/activemq consumer --destination queue://orders-cli --messageCount 1

其余 task（browse/purge/bstat/dstat/query/backup/export 等）的用途见 cli-tools 小节的实测 task 清单；各 task 参数用 bin/activemq <task> -h 查询。
修改 activemq.xml（destinationPolicy、认证插件等）需重启 broker 生效；变更前评估在途消息影响。
升级遵循官方迁移说明；KahaDB 数据目录先备份。

与其它产品对照

维度	Classic	RabbitMQ	Artemis
控制台	jetty（8161，admin/admin）	management（15672）	hawtio（8161）
积压指标	QueueSize + Enqueue/Dequeue	queue depth + unacked	队列 MessageCount
DLQ 观察	共享 ActiveMQ.DLQ 深度	死信队列深度	死信地址深度

边界

QueueBrowser 深度是瞬时快照，高吞吐下与 JMX 计数可能有毫秒级差异，趋势比单点值重要。
默认配置下 61616 匿名可连、控制台 admin/admin——观测能力不设防，安全基线必须先于生产上线（见陷阱与检查表）。

cli-tools：纯自带 CLI 实验

6.2.0 镜像的 bin 目录仅 7 项（activemq 统一入口、activemq-diag、activemq.jar、setenv、wrapper.jar、linux-x86-64、macosx），统一入口为 task 制：producer/consumer 子命令即可完成收发闭环，status 查运行状态（实测输出 ActiveMQ is running (pid '1')）。Classic 没有显式建队命令：向全新队列 orders-cli 首次生产即自动创建。OpenWire 默认匿名，命令无需 user/password 参数（区别于 Artemis 镜像的 security-enabled=true）；--message 只能固定内容，run.sh 循环 3 次各发 1 条。自带 consumer 没有 receive-timeout 参数，空队列时 consumer --messageCount 1 无限阻塞，实验用 timeout 15 包裹并断言 exit=124 证明队列已排空。

activemq-classic / dockerbash demos/activemq-classic/docker/run.sh

assert.out.txt

---
status: verified
capturedAt: "2026-08-23T15:19:49.324Z"
dockerImage: "apache/activemq-classic:6.2.0@sha256:992bc29a8459f6772ff14d168a8b011c9cde7a769ec01d72788c9cc4e9229564"
exitCode: 0
---
PASS binCount: 7
PASS statusRunning: 1
PASS producedCount: 3
PASS consumedCount: 3
PASS consumedSummary: 1
PASS verifyExit: 124
PASS verifyReceived: 0
RESULT: all assertions passed

bin-list.out.txt

[cli-tools] $ sh -c ls /opt/apache-activemq/bin && /opt/apache-activemq/bin/activemq version
activemq
activemq-diag
activemq.jar
linux-x86-64
macosx
setenv
wrapper.jar
INFO: Loading '/opt/apache-activemq/bin/setenv'
INFO: Using java '/opt/java/openjdk/bin/java'
Java Runtime: Eclipse Adoptium 17.0.17 /opt/java/openjdk
  Heap sizes: current=67584k  free=65684k  max=1048576k
    JVM args: -Xms64M -Xmx1G -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/opt/apache-activemq/conf/login.config -Djetty.host=0.0.0.0 --add-reads=java.xml=java.logging --add-opens=java.base/java.security=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.net=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.naming/javax.naming.spi=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent.atomic=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.jar=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.xml.dom/org.w3c.dom.html=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.naming.rmi/com.sun.jndi.url.rmi=ALL-UNNAMED -Dactivemq.classpath=/opt/apache-activemq/conf: -Dactivemq.home=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.base=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.conf=/opt/apache-activemq/conf -Dactivemq.data=/opt/apache-activemq/data -Djolokia.conf=file:/opt/apache-activemq/conf/jolokia-access.xml
Extensions classpath:
  [/opt/apache-activemq/lib,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/camel,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/optional,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/web,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/extra]
ACTIVEMQ_HOME: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_BASE: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_CONF: /opt/apache-activemq/conf
ACTIVEMQ_DATA: /opt/apache-activemq/data
Usage: Main [--extdir <dir>] [task] [task-options] [task data]

Tasks:
    backup                   - Backup a message (or range) from a queue to an archive file
    browse                   - Display selected messages in a specified destination.
    bstat                    - Performs a predefined query that displays useful statistics regarding the specified broker
    consumer                 - Receives messages from the broker
    create                   - Creates a runnable broker instance in the specified path.
    decrypt                  - Decrypts given text
    dstat                    - Performs a predefined query that displays useful tabular statistics regarding the specified destination type
    encrypt                  - Encrypts given text
    export                   - Exports a stopped brokers data files to an archive file
    list                     - Lists all available brokers in the specified JMX context
    producer                 - Sends messages to the broker
    purge                    - Delete selected destination's messages that matches the message selector
    query                    - Display selected broker component's attributes and statistics.
    start                    - Creates and starts a broker using a configuration file, or a broker URI.
    stop                     - Stops a running broker specified by the broker name.

Task Options (Options specific to each task):
    --extdir <dir>  - Add the jar files in the directory to the classpath.
    --version       - Display the version information.
    -h,-?,--help    - Display this help information. To display task specific help, use Main [task] -h,-?,--help

Task Data:
    - Information needed by each specific task.

JMX system property options:
    -Dactivemq.jmx.url=<jmx service uri> (default is: 'service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://localhost:1099/jmxrmi')
    -Dactivemq.jmx.user=<user name>
    -Dactivemq.jmx.password=<password>

consume.out.txt

[cli-tools] $ /opt/apache-activemq/bin/activemq consumer --destination queue://orders-cli --messageCount 3
INFO: Loading '/opt/apache-activemq/bin/setenv'
INFO: Using java '/opt/java/openjdk/bin/java'
Java Runtime: Eclipse Adoptium 17.0.17 /opt/java/openjdk
  Heap sizes: current=67584k  free=65684k  max=1048576k
    JVM args: -Xms64M -Xmx1G -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/opt/apache-activemq/conf/login.config -Djetty.host=0.0.0.0 --add-reads=java.xml=java.logging --add-opens=java.base/java.security=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.net=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.naming/javax.naming.spi=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent.atomic=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.jar=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.xml.dom/org.w3c.dom.html=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.naming.rmi/com.sun.jndi.url.rmi=ALL-UNNAMED -Dactivemq.classpath=/opt/apache-activemq/conf: -Dactivemq.home=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.base=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.conf=/opt/apache-activemq/conf -Dactivemq.data=/opt/apache-activemq/data -Djolokia.conf=file:/opt/apache-activemq/conf/jolokia-access.xml
Extensions classpath:
  [/opt/apache-activemq/lib,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/camel,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/optional,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/web,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/extra]
ACTIVEMQ_HOME: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_BASE: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_CONF: /opt/apache-activemq/conf
ACTIVEMQ_DATA: /opt/apache-activemq/data
 INFO | Connecting to URL: failover://tcp://localhost:61616 as user: null
 INFO | Consuming queue://orders-cli
 INFO | Sleeping between receives 0 ms
 INFO | Running 1 parallel threads
 INFO | Successfully connected to tcp://localhost:61616
 INFO | consumer-1 wait until 3 messages are consumed
 INFO | consumer-1 Received order-cli-1
 INFO | consumer-1 Received order-cli-2
 INFO | consumer-1 Received order-cli-3
 INFO | consumer-1 Consumed: 3 messages
 INFO | consumer-1 Consumer thread finished

create.out.txt

[cli-tools] $ /opt/apache-activemq/bin/activemq producer --destination queue://orders-cli --messageCount 1 --message order-cli-1
INFO: Loading '/opt/apache-activemq/bin/setenv'
INFO: Using java '/opt/java/openjdk/bin/java'
Java Runtime: Eclipse Adoptium 17.0.17 /opt/java/openjdk
  Heap sizes: current=67584k  free=65684k  max=1048576k
    JVM args: -Xms64M -Xmx1G -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/opt/apache-activemq/conf/login.config -Djetty.host=0.0.0.0 --add-reads=java.xml=java.logging --add-opens=java.base/java.security=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.net=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.naming/javax.naming.spi=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent.atomic=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.jar=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.xml.dom/org.w3c.dom.html=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.naming.rmi/com.sun.jndi.url.rmi=ALL-UNNAMED -Dactivemq.classpath=/opt/apache-activemq/conf: -Dactivemq.home=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.base=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.conf=/opt/apache-activemq/conf -Dactivemq.data=/opt/apache-activemq/data -Djolokia.conf=file:/opt/apache-activemq/conf/jolokia-access.xml
Extensions classpath:
  [/opt/apache-activemq/lib,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/camel,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/optional,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/web,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/extra]
ACTIVEMQ_HOME: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_BASE: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_CONF: /opt/apache-activemq/conf
ACTIVEMQ_DATA: /opt/apache-activemq/data
 INFO | Connecting to URL: failover://tcp://localhost:61616 as user: null
 INFO | Producing messages to queue://orders-cli
 INFO | Using persistent messages
 INFO | Sleeping between sends 0 ms
 INFO | Running 1 parallel threads
 INFO | Successfully connected to tcp://localhost:61616
 INFO | producer-1 Started to calculate elapsed time ...

 INFO | producer-1 Produced: 1 messages
 INFO | producer-1 Elapsed time in second : 0 s
 INFO | producer-1 Elapsed time in milli second : 18 milli seconds

inventory.out.txt

---
status: verified
capturedAt: "2026-08-23T15:19:49.324Z"
dockerImage: "apache/activemq-classic:6.2.0@sha256:992bc29a8459f6772ff14d168a8b011c9cde7a769ec01d72788c9cc4e9229564"
exitCode: 0
---
[cli-tools] $ sh -c ls /opt/apache-activemq/bin && /opt/apache-activemq/bin/activemq version
activemq
activemq-diag
activemq.jar
linux-x86-64
macosx
setenv
wrapper.jar
INFO: Loading '/opt/apache-activemq/bin/setenv'
INFO: Using java '/opt/java/openjdk/bin/java'
Java Runtime: Eclipse Adoptium 17.0.17 /opt/java/openjdk
  Heap sizes: current=67584k  free=65684k  max=1048576k
    JVM args: -Xms64M -Xmx1G -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/opt/apache-activemq/conf/login.config -Djetty.host=0.0.0.0 --add-reads=java.xml=java.logging --add-opens=java.base/java.security=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.net=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.naming/javax.naming.spi=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent.atomic=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.jar=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.xml.dom/org.w3c.dom.html=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.naming.rmi/com.sun.jndi.url.rmi=ALL-UNNAMED -Dactivemq.classpath=/opt/apache-activemq/conf: -Dactivemq.home=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.base=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.conf=/opt/apache-activemq/conf -Dactivemq.data=/opt/apache-activemq/data -Djolokia.conf=file:/opt/apache-activemq/conf/jolokia-access.xml
Extensions classpath:
  [/opt/apache-activemq/lib,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/camel,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/optional,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/web,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/extra]
ACTIVEMQ_HOME: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_BASE: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_CONF: /opt/apache-activemq/conf
ACTIVEMQ_DATA: /opt/apache-activemq/data
Usage: Main [--extdir <dir>] [task] [task-options] [task data]

Tasks:
    backup                   - Backup a message (or range) from a queue to an archive file
    browse                   - Display selected messages in a specified destination.
    bstat                    - Performs a predefined query that displays useful statistics regarding the specified broker
    consumer                 - Receives messages from the broker
    create                   - Creates a runnable broker instance in the specified path.
    decrypt                  - Decrypts given text
    dstat                    - Performs a predefined query that displays useful tabular statistics regarding the specified destination type
    encrypt                  - Encrypts given text
    export                   - Exports a stopped brokers data files to an archive file
    list                     - Lists all available brokers in the specified JMX context
    producer                 - Sends messages to the broker
    purge                    - Delete selected destination's messages that matches the message selector
    query                    - Display selected broker component's attributes and statistics.
    start                    - Creates and starts a broker using a configuration file, or a broker URI.
    stop                     - Stops a running broker specified by the broker name.

Task Options (Options specific to each task):
    --extdir <dir>  - Add the jar files in the directory to the classpath.
    --version       - Display the version information.
    -h,-?,--help    - Display this help information. To display task specific help, use Main [task] -h,-?,--help

Task Data:
    - Information needed by each specific task.

JMX system property options:
    -Dactivemq.jmx.url=<jmx service uri> (default is: 'service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://localhost:1099/jmxrmi')
    -Dactivemq.jmx.user=<user name>
    -Dactivemq.jmx.password=<password>

produce.out.txt

[cli-tools] $ for i in 2 3: /opt/apache-activemq/bin/activemq producer --destination queue://orders-cli --messageCount 1 --message order-cli-$i ...
INFO: Loading '/opt/apache-activemq/bin/setenv'
INFO: Using java '/opt/java/openjdk/bin/java'
Java Runtime: Eclipse Adoptium 17.0.17 /opt/java/openjdk
  Heap sizes: current=67584k  free=65909k  max=1048576k
    JVM args: -Xms64M -Xmx1G -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/opt/apache-activemq/conf/login.config -Djetty.host=0.0.0.0 --add-reads=java.xml=java.logging --add-opens=java.base/java.security=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.net=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.naming/javax.naming.spi=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent.atomic=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.jar=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.xml.dom/org.w3c.dom.html=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.naming.rmi/com.sun.jndi.url.rmi=ALL-UNNAMED -Dactivemq.classpath=/opt/apache-activemq/conf: -Dactivemq.home=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.base=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.conf=/opt/apache-activemq/conf -Dactivemq.data=/opt/apache-activemq/data -Djolokia.conf=file:/opt/apache-activemq/conf/jolokia-access.xml
Extensions classpath:
  [/opt/apache-activemq/lib,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/camel,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/optional,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/web,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/extra]
ACTIVEMQ_HOME: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_BASE: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_CONF: /opt/apache-activemq/conf
ACTIVEMQ_DATA: /opt/apache-activemq/data
 INFO | Connecting to URL: failover://tcp://localhost:61616 as user: null
 INFO | Producing messages to queue://orders-cli
 INFO | Using persistent messages
 INFO | Sleeping between sends 0 ms
 INFO | Running 1 parallel threads
 INFO | Successfully connected to tcp://localhost:61616
 INFO | producer-1 Started to calculate elapsed time ...

 INFO | producer-1 Produced: 1 messages
 INFO | producer-1 Elapsed time in second : 0 s
 INFO | producer-1 Elapsed time in milli second : 10 milli seconds
INFO: Loading '/opt/apache-activemq/bin/setenv'
INFO: Using java '/opt/java/openjdk/bin/java'
Java Runtime: Eclipse Adoptium 17.0.17 /opt/java/openjdk
  Heap sizes: current=67584k  free=65684k  max=1048576k
    JVM args: -Xms64M -Xmx1G -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/opt/apache-activemq/conf/login.config -Djetty.host=0.0.0.0 --add-reads=java.xml=java.logging --add-opens=java.base/java.security=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.net=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.naming/javax.naming.spi=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent.atomic=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.jar=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.xml.dom/org.w3c.dom.html=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.naming.rmi/com.sun.jndi.url.rmi=ALL-UNNAMED -Dactivemq.classpath=/opt/apache-activemq/conf: -Dactivemq.home=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.base=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.conf=/opt/apache-activemq/conf -Dactivemq.data=/opt/apache-activemq/data -Djolokia.conf=file:/opt/apache-activemq/conf/jolokia-access.xml
Extensions classpath:
  [/opt/apache-activemq/lib,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/camel,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/optional,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/web,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/extra]
ACTIVEMQ_HOME: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_BASE: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_CONF: /opt/apache-activemq/conf
ACTIVEMQ_DATA: /opt/apache-activemq/data
 INFO | Connecting to URL: failover://tcp://localhost:61616 as user: null
 INFO | Producing messages to queue://orders-cli
 INFO | Using persistent messages
 INFO | Sleeping between sends 0 ms
 INFO | Running 1 parallel threads
 INFO | Successfully connected to tcp://localhost:61616
 INFO | producer-1 Started to calculate elapsed time ...

 INFO | producer-1 Produced: 1 messages
 INFO | producer-1 Elapsed time in second : 0 s
 INFO | producer-1 Elapsed time in milli second : 5 milli seconds

session.out.txt

---
status: verified
capturedAt: "2026-08-23T15:19:49.324Z"
dockerImage: "apache/activemq-classic:6.2.0@sha256:992bc29a8459f6772ff14d168a8b011c9cde7a769ec01d72788c9cc4e9229564"
exitCode: 0
---
## status
[cli-tools] $ /opt/apache-activemq/bin/activemq status
INFO: Loading '/opt/apache-activemq/bin/setenv'
INFO: Using java '/opt/java/openjdk/bin/java'
ActiveMQ is running (pid '1')

## create
[cli-tools] $ /opt/apache-activemq/bin/activemq producer --destination queue://orders-cli --messageCount 1 --message order-cli-1
INFO: Loading '/opt/apache-activemq/bin/setenv'
INFO: Using java '/opt/java/openjdk/bin/java'
Java Runtime: Eclipse Adoptium 17.0.17 /opt/java/openjdk
  Heap sizes: current=67584k  free=65684k  max=1048576k
    JVM args: -Xms64M -Xmx1G -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/opt/apache-activemq/conf/login.config -Djetty.host=0.0.0.0 --add-reads=java.xml=java.logging --add-opens=java.base/java.security=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.net=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.naming/javax.naming.spi=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent.atomic=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.jar=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.xml.dom/org.w3c.dom.html=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.naming.rmi/com.sun.jndi.url.rmi=ALL-UNNAMED -Dactivemq.classpath=/opt/apache-activemq/conf: -Dactivemq.home=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.base=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.conf=/opt/apache-activemq/conf -Dactivemq.data=/opt/apache-activemq/data -Djolokia.conf=file:/opt/apache-activemq/conf/jolokia-access.xml
Extensions classpath:
  [/opt/apache-activemq/lib,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/camel,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/optional,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/web,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/extra]
ACTIVEMQ_HOME: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_BASE: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_CONF: /opt/apache-activemq/conf
ACTIVEMQ_DATA: /opt/apache-activemq/data
 INFO | Connecting to URL: failover://tcp://localhost:61616 as user: null
 INFO | Producing messages to queue://orders-cli
 INFO | Using persistent messages
 INFO | Sleeping between sends 0 ms
 INFO | Running 1 parallel threads
 INFO | Successfully connected to tcp://localhost:61616
 INFO | producer-1 Started to calculate elapsed time ...

 INFO | producer-1 Produced: 1 messages
 INFO | producer-1 Elapsed time in second : 0 s
 INFO | producer-1 Elapsed time in milli second : 18 milli seconds

## produce
[cli-tools] $ for i in 2 3: /opt/apache-activemq/bin/activemq producer --destination queue://orders-cli --messageCount 1 --message order-cli-$i ...
INFO: Loading '/opt/apache-activemq/bin/setenv'
INFO: Using java '/opt/java/openjdk/bin/java'
Java Runtime: Eclipse Adoptium 17.0.17 /opt/java/openjdk
  Heap sizes: current=67584k  free=65909k  max=1048576k
    JVM args: -Xms64M -Xmx1G -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/opt/apache-activemq/conf/login.config -Djetty.host=0.0.0.0 --add-reads=java.xml=java.logging --add-opens=java.base/java.security=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.net=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.naming/javax.naming.spi=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent.atomic=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.jar=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.xml.dom/org.w3c.dom.html=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.naming.rmi/com.sun.jndi.url.rmi=ALL-UNNAMED -Dactivemq.classpath=/opt/apache-activemq/conf: -Dactivemq.home=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.base=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.conf=/opt/apache-activemq/conf -Dactivemq.data=/opt/apache-activemq/data -Djolokia.conf=file:/opt/apache-activemq/conf/jolokia-access.xml
Extensions classpath:
  [/opt/apache-activemq/lib,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/camel,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/optional,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/web,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/extra]
ACTIVEMQ_HOME: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_BASE: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_CONF: /opt/apache-activemq/conf
ACTIVEMQ_DATA: /opt/apache-activemq/data
 INFO | Connecting to URL: failover://tcp://localhost:61616 as user: null
 INFO | Producing messages to queue://orders-cli
 INFO | Using persistent messages
 INFO | Sleeping between sends 0 ms
 INFO | Running 1 parallel threads
 INFO | Successfully connected to tcp://localhost:61616
 INFO | producer-1 Started to calculate elapsed time ...

 INFO | producer-1 Produced: 1 messages
 INFO | producer-1 Elapsed time in second : 0 s
 INFO | producer-1 Elapsed time in milli second : 10 milli seconds
INFO: Loading '/opt/apache-activemq/bin/setenv'
INFO: Using java '/opt/java/openjdk/bin/java'
Java Runtime: Eclipse Adoptium 17.0.17 /opt/java/openjdk
  Heap sizes: current=67584k  free=65684k  max=1048576k
    JVM args: -Xms64M -Xmx1G -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/opt/apache-activemq/conf/login.config -Djetty.host=0.0.0.0 --add-reads=java.xml=java.logging --add-opens=java.base/java.security=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.net=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.naming/javax.naming.spi=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent.atomic=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.jar=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.xml.dom/org.w3c.dom.html=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.naming.rmi/com.sun.jndi.url.rmi=ALL-UNNAMED -Dactivemq.classpath=/opt/apache-activemq/conf: -Dactivemq.home=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.base=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.conf=/opt/apache-activemq/conf -Dactivemq.data=/opt/apache-activemq/data -Djolokia.conf=file:/opt/apache-activemq/conf/jolokia-access.xml
Extensions classpath:
  [/opt/apache-activemq/lib,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/camel,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/optional,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/web,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/extra]
ACTIVEMQ_HOME: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_BASE: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_CONF: /opt/apache-activemq/conf
ACTIVEMQ_DATA: /opt/apache-activemq/data
 INFO | Connecting to URL: failover://tcp://localhost:61616 as user: null
 INFO | Producing messages to queue://orders-cli
 INFO | Using persistent messages
 INFO | Sleeping between sends 0 ms
 INFO | Running 1 parallel threads
 INFO | Successfully connected to tcp://localhost:61616
 INFO | producer-1 Started to calculate elapsed time ...

 INFO | producer-1 Produced: 1 messages
 INFO | producer-1 Elapsed time in second : 0 s
 INFO | producer-1 Elapsed time in milli second : 5 milli seconds

## consume
[cli-tools] $ /opt/apache-activemq/bin/activemq consumer --destination queue://orders-cli --messageCount 3
INFO: Loading '/opt/apache-activemq/bin/setenv'
INFO: Using java '/opt/java/openjdk/bin/java'
Java Runtime: Eclipse Adoptium 17.0.17 /opt/java/openjdk
  Heap sizes: current=67584k  free=65684k  max=1048576k
    JVM args: -Xms64M -Xmx1G -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/opt/apache-activemq/conf/login.config -Djetty.host=0.0.0.0 --add-reads=java.xml=java.logging --add-opens=java.base/java.security=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.net=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.naming/javax.naming.spi=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent.atomic=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.jar=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.xml.dom/org.w3c.dom.html=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.naming.rmi/com.sun.jndi.url.rmi=ALL-UNNAMED -Dactivemq.classpath=/opt/apache-activemq/conf: -Dactivemq.home=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.base=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.conf=/opt/apache-activemq/conf -Dactivemq.data=/opt/apache-activemq/data -Djolokia.conf=file:/opt/apache-activemq/conf/jolokia-access.xml
Extensions classpath:
  [/opt/apache-activemq/lib,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/camel,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/optional,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/web,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/extra]
ACTIVEMQ_HOME: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_BASE: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_CONF: /opt/apache-activemq/conf
ACTIVEMQ_DATA: /opt/apache-activemq/data
 INFO | Connecting to URL: failover://tcp://localhost:61616 as user: null
 INFO | Consuming queue://orders-cli
 INFO | Sleeping between receives 0 ms
 INFO | Running 1 parallel threads
 INFO | Successfully connected to tcp://localhost:61616
 INFO | consumer-1 wait until 3 messages are consumed
 INFO | consumer-1 Received order-cli-1
 INFO | consumer-1 Received order-cli-2
 INFO | consumer-1 Received order-cli-3
 INFO | consumer-1 Consumed: 3 messages
 INFO | consumer-1 Consumer thread finished

## verify
[cli-tools] $ timeout 15 /opt/apache-activemq/bin/activemq consumer --destination queue://orders-cli --messageCount 1（空队列将阻塞至被 timeout 杀掉，预期 exit 124）
INFO: Loading '/opt/apache-activemq/bin/setenv'
INFO: Using java '/opt/java/openjdk/bin/java'
Java Runtime: Eclipse Adoptium 17.0.17 /opt/java/openjdk
  Heap sizes: current=67584k  free=65684k  max=1048576k
    JVM args: -Xms64M -Xmx1G -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/opt/apache-activemq/conf/login.config -Djetty.host=0.0.0.0 --add-reads=java.xml=java.logging --add-opens=java.base/java.security=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.net=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.naming/javax.naming.spi=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent.atomic=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.jar=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.xml.dom/org.w3c.dom.html=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.naming.rmi/com.sun.jndi.url.rmi=ALL-UNNAMED -Dactivemq.classpath=/opt/apache-activemq/conf: -Dactivemq.home=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.base=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.conf=/opt/apache-activemq/conf -Dactivemq.data=/opt/apache-activemq/data -Djolokia.conf=file:/opt/apache-activemq/conf/jolokia-access.xml
Extensions classpath:
  [/opt/apache-activemq/lib,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/camel,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/optional,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/web,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/extra]
ACTIVEMQ_HOME: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_BASE: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_CONF: /opt/apache-activemq/conf
ACTIVEMQ_DATA: /opt/apache-activemq/data
 INFO | Connecting to URL: failover://tcp://localhost:61616 as user: null
 INFO | Consuming queue://orders-cli
 INFO | Sleeping between receives 0 ms
 INFO | Running 1 parallel threads
 INFO | Successfully connected to tcp://localhost:61616
 INFO | consumer-1 wait until 1 messages are consumed
[cli-tools] verify exitCode=124（124=被 timeout 杀掉，说明队列已空）

status.out.txt

[cli-tools] $ /opt/apache-activemq/bin/activemq status
INFO: Loading '/opt/apache-activemq/bin/setenv'
INFO: Using java '/opt/java/openjdk/bin/java'
ActiveMQ is running (pid '1')

verify.out.txt

[cli-tools] $ timeout 15 /opt/apache-activemq/bin/activemq consumer --destination queue://orders-cli --messageCount 1（空队列将阻塞至被 timeout 杀掉，预期 exit 124）
INFO: Loading '/opt/apache-activemq/bin/setenv'
INFO: Using java '/opt/java/openjdk/bin/java'
Java Runtime: Eclipse Adoptium 17.0.17 /opt/java/openjdk
  Heap sizes: current=67584k  free=65684k  max=1048576k
    JVM args: -Xms64M -Xmx1G -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/opt/apache-activemq/conf/login.config -Djetty.host=0.0.0.0 --add-reads=java.xml=java.logging --add-opens=java.base/java.security=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.net=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.naming/javax.naming.spi=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent.atomic=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.jar=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.xml.dom/org.w3c.dom.html=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=jdk.naming.rmi/com.sun.jndi.url.rmi=ALL-UNNAMED -Dactivemq.classpath=/opt/apache-activemq/conf: -Dactivemq.home=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.base=/opt/apache-activemq -Dactivemq.conf=/opt/apache-activemq/conf -Dactivemq.data=/opt/apache-activemq/data -Djolokia.conf=file:/opt/apache-activemq/conf/jolokia-access.xml
Extensions classpath:
  [/opt/apache-activemq/lib,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/camel,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/optional,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/web,/opt/apache-activemq/lib/extra]
ACTIVEMQ_HOME: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_BASE: /opt/apache-activemq
ACTIVEMQ_CONF: /opt/apache-activemq/conf
ACTIVEMQ_DATA: /opt/apache-activemq/data
 INFO | Connecting to URL: failover://tcp://localhost:61616 as user: null
 INFO | Consuming queue://orders-cli
 INFO | Sleeping between receives 0 ms
 INFO | Running 1 parallel threads
 INFO | Successfully connected to tcp://localhost:61616
 INFO | consumer-1 wait until 1 messages are consumed
[cli-tools] verify exitCode=124（124=被 timeout 杀掉，说明队列已空）

ActiveMQ Classic 运维与观测 ​

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